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View the Table of Contents for the June 1 issue of Cancer Research.
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Inflammatory bowel disease increases risk of colorectal cancer; however, mechanisms exploring the process from inflammation to dysplasia remain elusive. Westbrook and colleagues analyzed peripheral blood for markers of DNA damage in mice with chemically-induced colitis and in mice that spontaneously develop immune colitis, with differing levels of clinical severity. Genotoxicity in the form of DNA single- and double-strand breaks, oxidative base damage, and micronuclei formation was observed away from the site of inflammation in peripheral leukocytes and erythroblasts, correlating with clinical severity of inflammation. Systemic genotoxicity may be a biologically relevant and sensitive biomarker of one process contributing to inflammation-associated carcinogenesis.
Dyrskjøt et al. Page 4851 miRNAs have been shown to be involved in cancer development and progression. Dyrskjøt and colleagues identified several differentially expressed miRNAs between normal urothelium and cancer, and between the different disease stages. Furthermore, miRNAs with prognostic potential for predicting disease progression (e.g., miR-129, miR-133b, and miR-518c*) were identified. Interestingly, miR-129 exerts significant growth inhibition and induces cell death upon transfection with a miR-129 precursor in bladder carcinoma cell lines. These findings indicate that several miRNAs are differentially regulated in bladder cancer, and may form a basis for clinical development of new biomarkers for bladder cancer.
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